: Ketegangan berawal dari perselisihan sosial-budaya dan persaingan ekonomi yang sudah berlangsung lama. Insiden spesifik seperti pembunuhan warga Dayak dan pembakaran rumah menjadi pemantik kemarahan massa.

Presenting a short primer helps readers understand root causes rather than reducing events to tribal labels.

: The Associated Press Archive on YouTube holds original broadcast news footage from 2001, showing the displacement of refugees and the military response at the time.