: Stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. It's a common format for photographic images.

, which provides a "long" listing format including file permissions, owner, size, and modification date. (Dotfiles) In Unix-based systems, files starting with a dot ( ) are known as or hidden files. To view these files using the command, the (all) flag must be used (e.g., (Media Extensions) refers to video directories or collections of video files.