This is where comes in. PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) is the mathematical backbone of modern automation, found in cruise control, drone stabilization, and industrial ovens.
I can then provide a more detailed for your specific setup. Basics of Arduino (TINKERCAD) tinkercad pid control
You can adapt this code into your Tinkercad Arduino project: This is where comes in
// Limit output (0-255 for PWM) if (output > 255) output = 255; // Anti-windup: Stop integrating if output is saturated if (error > 0) integral = integral - (error * dt); found in cruise control
The continuous PID equation:
unsigned long lastMillis = 0; const unsigned long sampleTime = 1000; // ms